In a new investigation report published today, the consumer body examined protections in the insulation and low-carbon heating sector, including technologies such as heat pumps, electric heating systems, insulation, and heat networks.

Decarbonising buildings is a crucial step toward achieving net zero, with homes currently accounting for around 20% of Scotland’s total emissions. More than two million homes will need to adopt low or zero-emission heating by 2045 to meet legal climate targets.

However, uptake is lagging. Consumer confidence remains low, hampered by scams, misleading marketing, rogue traders, and high upfront costs. Improving insulation across homes will also be essential to meeting emissions targets.

Consumer Scotland’s key recommendations include:

• Enhanced regulation and better-resourced enforcement to tackle rogue trading and scams
• Mandatory accreditation for all sector traders to boost trust
• Simplification of the fragmented standards, codes, and certification landscape across the UK
• A consistent, accessible complaints and redress system
• A review of financial support to reduce barriers caused by upfront costs
• National campaigns to raise awareness of low-carbon heating options and benefits
• Improved information sharing among enforcement and standards bodies

Sam Ghibaldan, chief executive of Consumer Scotland, said: “Changing how we heat our homes is central to meeting Scotland’s climate goals. While many early adopters have had positive experiences, others face a confusing, costly, and risky market.

“Consumer demand is critical to hitting net zero targets—but that demand will only grow if people feel confident and supported. Our recommendations aim to make the journey simpler, safer, and fairer.”

He added that success hinges on a collective effort from government, regulators, industry, and consumer bodies, with the potential rewards including lower emissions, warmer homes, and reduced fuel poverty.

Fiona Richardson, chief officer at Trading Standards Scotland, welcomed the report, saying: “Rogue trading, scams, and mis-selling are undermining consumer trust in the green heating sector. Stronger safeguards, clearer pathways, and robust enforcement are vital.

“We are committed to working with partners at all levels to protect consumers and hold bad actors to account.”